Simple Machines

An inclined plane is a flat surface tilted at an angle. It reduces the force needed to lift an object by spreading the work over a longer distance.

A lever is a simple machine consisting of a rigid bar pivoting on a fulcrum. It can multiply force or distance, depending on where the load, effort, and fulcrum are placed.

How fixed and movable pulleys work, the load-effort relationship, and mechanical advantage.

The wheel and axle is a simple machine consisting of a large wheel attached to a smaller axle. Applying a force to the larger wheel produces a larger force at the axle, making it easier to turn heavy loads. Examples include steering wheels, door knobs, and screwdrivers.