Čo je predmet?
Predmet je podstatné meno (alebo zámeno), ktoré prijíma dej slovesa.
She kicked the ball. (lopta prijala kopy — priamy predmet)
Priamy predmet
Priamy predmet odpovedá na otázku "Čo?" alebo "Koho?" po slovese.
He ate the sandwich. → Čo jedol? Sendvič. She called me. → Koho zavolala? Mňa.
Nepriamy predmet
Nepriamy predmet odpovedá na otázku "Komu?" alebo "Pre koho?". Zvyčajne prichádza pred priamy predmet.
She gave Tom a gift. → Dala darček Tomovi. (Tom = nepriamy predmet) He told us a story. → Rozpovedal príbeh nám)
| Nepriamy predmet | Priamy predmet |
|---|---|
| She gave Tom | a gift |
| He sent me | a letter |
| They bought her | some flowers |
Prepísanie s predložkami
Nepriamy predmet môžeš presunúť za priamy predmet, ale musíš pridať predložku (to alebo for):
She gave Tom a gift. → She gave a gift to Tom. He bought her flowers. → He bought flowers for her.
Použi to pri slovesách dávania/rozpovedania: give, send, show, tell, offer, lend Použi for pri slovesách robenia niečoho pre niekoho: buy, make, cook, find, get
Rozlíšenie predmetov vo vetách
The teacher gave the students their homework.
- Priamy predmet: their homework (čo bolo dané?)
- Nepriamy predmet: the students (komu bolo dané?)
Prax: posielanie správ a darčekov
Mum sent [nepriamy: me] [priamy: a birthday card]. → Mum sent a birthday card to me. Can you pass [nepriamy: her] [priamy: the salt], please? The company offered [nepriamy: the applicant] [priamy: the job].
Prax: škola a každodenné žiadosti
The teacher showed [nepriamy: the class] [priamy: a short film]. I'll make [nepriamy: you] [priamy: a cup of tea]. → I'll make a cup of tea for you. She told [nepriamy: us] [priamy: a funny story] about her trip.
Cvičné príklady
Identifikuj priamy predmet: 'She reads her sister a bedtime story.'
Zobraziť odpoveď
Prepíš s predložkou: 'He lent me his pen.'
Zobraziť odpoveď
Ktorá predložka — to alebo for? 'She made her mum (to/for) a cake.'