Tabuľka zvratných zámen
| Podmiet | Zvratné zámeno |
|---|---|
| I | myself |
| you (sg.) | yourself |
| he | himself |
| she | herself |
| it | itself |
| we | ourselves |
| you (pl.) | yourselves |
| they | themselves |
Kedy sa používajú zvratné zámená
1. Keď podmiet a predmet sú tá istá osoba
She hurt herself when she fell.
I taught myself to play guitar.
2. Na zdôraznenie ("sám/-a, bez pomoci")
The president himself opened the ceremony.
I made this cake myself. (nikto mi nepomáhal)
Poznámka
Na zdôraznenie môžeš zvratné zámeno presutnúť: I did it myself. alebo I myself did it.
3. Ustálené spojenia
| Spojenie | Význam |
|---|---|
| enjoy yourself/yourselves | dobre sa baviť |
| help yourself | sám si zobrať, obsluž sa |
| behave yourself | správaj sa slušne |
| by myself / herself / himself… | sám/-a, bez pomoci |
| talk to yourself | hovoriť sám so sebou |
Bežné chyby
| Nesprávne | Správne | Dôvod |
|---|---|---|
| We did it ourself. | We did it ourselves. | množné číslo → "ourselves" |
| She looked at hisself. | She looked at herself. | "hisself" neexistuje |
| I need it by meself. | I need it by myself. | "meself" nie je správna angličtina |
Prax: návod na použitie
The device will restart itself automatically after an update. Do not attempt to repair it yourself — this may void the warranty.
Prax: recept / karta s receptom
Help yourself to more salad — there is plenty. I baked this bread myself using a recipe my grandmother taught me.
Prax: formálny prejav
The mayor herself opened the new community centre. We are proud to say that this school built itself a reputation for excellence over thirty years.
Tip Zvratné zámená nájdeš v návodoch na použitie ("the system will update itself"), formálnych prejavoch ("the CEO himself announced"), v jedálnych lístkoch ("help yourself to refreshments") a v bežnej reči ("I hurt myself at football practice"). Na zdôraznenie stoja za podmetom alebo na konci vety.