Osobné zámenà (Personal Pronouns)

Prehľad všetkých tvarov zámen — podmietové, predmetové, privlastňovacie a zvratné.

Prehľad zámen

Osoba	Podmiet	Predmet	Privl. prídavné meno	Privl. zámeno	Zvratné
ja	I	me	my	mine	myself
ty	you	you	your	yours	yourself
on	he	him	his	his	himself
ona	she	her	her	hers	herself
ono	it	it	its	—	itself
my	we	us	our	ours	ourselves
vy	you	you	your	yours	yourselves
oni/ony	they	them	their	theirs	themselves

Podmietové zámenà (Subject pronouns)

Stoja na mieste podmietu vety — pred slovesom.

I love music. She is my teacher. They arrived late.

Predmetové zámenà (Object pronouns)

Stoja za slovesom alebo predložkou.

Give me the book. I see him every day. She talked to us.

Privlastňovacie prídavné mená (Possessive adjectives)

Stoja pred podstatným menom.

My cat is black. Her name is Anna. Their house is big.

Privlastňovacie zámenà (Possessive pronouns)

Stoja samé — bez podstatného mena.

This book is mine. That car is hers. The idea was theirs.

Zvratné zámenà (Reflexive pronouns)

Používame, keď podmiet a predmet sú tá istá osoba, alebo na zdôraznenie.

She hurt herself. He made it himself. They did it themselves.

Upozornenie its (privlastňovacie) vs. it's (= it is): The dog wagged its tail. It's raining.

1
Podmiet vety? → podmietové zámeno
Who does the action? → I, you, he, she, it, we, they
2
Predmet slovesa/predložky? → predmetové zámeno
me, you, him, her, it, us, them
3
Pred podstatným menom? → privl. prídavné meno
my, your, his, her, its, our, their

Prax: formálny e-mail

Dear Sir/Madam, I am writing to inquire about your vacancy. We would appreciate it if you could reply at your earliest convenience. Please send us the details and we will review them.

Prax: zákaznícky rozhovor

Customer: Excuse me, can you help me? I ordered a product and it hasn't arrived. Agent: Of course. Can you give me your order number? We'll look into it for you right away.

Tip Osobné zámená sú základom každej anglickej vety. Podmietové zámená (I, she, we) stoja pred slovesom; predmetové zámená (me, her, us) stoja za slovesom alebo predložkou. Používaš ich v každom e-maile, správe, rozhovore a eseji.

Cvičné príklady

Doplň predmetové zámeno: She called ___ (I).

Zobraziť odpoveď

She called me.

Doplň privlastňovacie prídavné meno: ___ (They) house is big.

Zobraziť odpoveď

Their house is big.

Podmietové alebo predmetové? Between you and ___ (I), it was boring.

Zobraziť odpoveď

Between you and me. (po predložke → predmetové)

Doplň zvratné zámeno: He fixed the car ___.

Zobraziť odpoveď

He fixed the car himself.

Oprav chybu: Its raining outside.

Zobraziť odpoveď

It's raining outside. (it's = it is)