Tvorenie
| Podmет | Pomocné sloveso | Príčastie | Príklad |
|---|---|---|---|
| I / You / We / They | have | eaten | I have eaten lunch. |
| He / She / It | has | gone | She has gone home. |
Záporná veta: podmiet + have/has + not + príčastie
He has not finished.
Otázka: Have/Has + podmiet + príčastie?
Have you seen this film?
Kedy sa používa predprítomný čas
| Použitie | Signálne slová | Príklad |
|---|---|---|
| Životná skúsenosť | ever, never | I have never been to Japan. |
| Čerstvá udalosť (správy) | just | She has just called. |
| Nedokončené časové obdobie | today, this week, this year | We have had three tests this year. |
| Akcia stále relevantná | already, yet | Have you already done your homework? |
S predprítomným časom NEPOUŽÍVAJ výrazy pre dokončenú minulú dobu.
❌ I have seen him yesterday.
✅ I saw him yesterday.
Nepravidelné minulé príčastia
| Infinitív | Minulé príčastie |
|---|---|
| be | been |
| go | gone |
| do | done |
| see | seen |
| eat | eaten |
| write | written |
| speak | spoken |
| take | taken |
Prax: životopis / pracovná žiadosť
I have worked in customer service for three years. I have spoken to thousands of clients and have managed a small team since 2022.
Prax: správa v médiách
"Scientists have discovered a new species of deep-sea fish. Researchers have named it after the ship that found it."
Prax: rozhovor v reštaurácii
"Have you tried the new Italian place on Main Street? — Yes! I have been there twice already. The pasta has won several awards."
Cvičné príklady
Napíš správny tvar: She (never / visit) Japan.
Zobraziť odpoveď
Urob otázku: He has already eaten.
Zobraziť odpoveď
Urob zápor: They have finished the project.
Zobraziť odpoveď
Ktorá veta je správna? (a) I have seen him yesterday. (b) I saw him yesterday.