Indirekte Rede — Wiedergeben was jemand gesagt hat

Die indirekte Rede ist die Art, wie wir anderen mitteilen, was jemand gesagt hat, ohne sie direkt zu zitieren. Verbtempora verschieben sich in der Regel um ein Tempus zurück, Pronomen ändern sich und Zeitausdrücke passen sich an die neue Situation an.

Direkte vs. Indirekte Rede

Direkte Rede zitiert die genauen Wörter:

She said, "I am tired."

Indirekte Rede gibt wieder, was gesagt wurde, ohne zu zitieren:

She said (that) she was tired.

Tempusverschiebung

Bei der Wiedergabe in der Vergangenheit verschiebt sich das Verbaltempus meist um ein Tempus zurück:

Direkte Rede	Indirekte Rede
Present Simple (am)	Past Simple (was)
Present Continuous (is eating)	Past Continuous (was eating)
Past Simple (went)	Past Perfect (had gone)
will	would
can	could

"I play football." → He said he played football. "She is coming." → He said she was coming. "I will help you." → He said he would help me.

Pronomenänderungen

Pronomen ändern sich, um die ursprüngliche Bedeutung zu erhalten:

She said, "I love my dog." → She said she loved her dog. He said, "You are great." → He said I was great.

Fragen wiedergeben

Yes/No-Fragen → if oder whether verwenden

"Do you like pizza?" → She asked if I liked pizza.

Wh-Fragen → Fragewort behalten, normale Wortstellung verwenden

"Where does he live?" → She asked where he lived.

Warnung

In der indirekten Rede verwenden wir nicht die Fragesatz-Wortstellung: ✗ She asked where did he live. ✓ She asked where he lived.

Bitten und Aufforderungen wiedergeben

Verwende told + Objekt + to Infinitiv:

"Sit down!" → The teacher told us to sit down. "Please help me." → She asked me to help her.

Praxisbezug: Nachrichtenbericht und Klatsch

The minister said (that) the new law would come into force in January. She told reporters (that) the government was working on a solution. My friend said she had seen Tom at the cinema the night before. (She said, "I saw Tom at the cinema last night.")

Praxisbezug: Schulunterhaltung

The teacher told us to open our books and to read page 45. She asked if we had done our homework. He asked where we had put our worksheets. The head teacher announced (that) school would finish early on Friday.

Tipp Indirekte Rede ist überall: in Nachrichtensendungen ("The prime minister said the economy was improving"), beim Klatschen ("She told me you were looking for a job") und im Klassenunterricht ("The teacher asked us to sit down"). Das Wichtigste ist die Tempusverschiebung zurück und das Entfernen der Fragesatzstellung.

Übungsaufgaben

In die indirekte Rede umwandeln: He said, 'I am going to the library.'

Antwort anzeigen

He said (that) he was going to the library. (am going → was going, I → he)

Umwandeln: She asked, 'Have you finished your homework?'

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She asked if I had finished my homework. (Yes/No-Frage → if; have finished → had finished)

Umwandeln: The teacher said, 'Open your books!'

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The teacher told us to open our books. (Aufforderung → told + Objekt + to Infinitiv)